Liberia is a republic on the west coast of Africa. Although European traders had been in the area for more than 350 years, it was only in 1822 that the American Colonization Society (ACS), a group founded in 1816 to advocate for the settlement of free blacks in the United States to Africa, established a colony on the Pepper Coast. A number of other colonies were also founded by colonization societies that were sponsored by individual states. Although there was high mortality due to disease, Liberia, as the ACS colony came to be known, declared its independence in 1848, the first African republic to do so, with the United Kingdom the first nation to recognise it; the United States only officially recognised Liberia's independence in 1862. Following this, many of the other colonies in the area amalgamated, with modern Liberia coming out following the annexation of the Republic of Maryland in 1857. By 1867 more than 15,000 black people, both free-born and freed slaves, had migrated from the United States to Liberia, together with almost 4,000 from the Caribbean. The last ACS emigrants to Liberia arrived in 1904.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberia