Question #30341. Asked by tim.
Last updated Jul 09 2021.
It is generally believed that zebras are dark animals, with white stripes where the pigmentation is inhibited. The pigment of the hair is found solely in the hair and not in the skin. The reasons for thinking that they were originally pigmented animals are that (1) white horses would not survive well in the African plains or forests; (2) there used to be a fourth species of zebra, the quagga (which was overeaten to extinction in the eighteen hundreds). The quagga had the zebra striping pattern in the front of the animal, but had a dark rump; (3) when the region between the pigmented bands becomes too wide, secondary stripes emerge, as if suppression was weakening.http://10e.devbio.com/article.php?id=342
Some zebras have white fur on their bellies, which suggests that white is the background colour and the black stripes are a pattern that is added. But if you shaved a zebra, you would find a black-skinned animal underneath. As a zebra embryo develops in the uterus, it starts out black all over. The white stripes emerge afterwards as the genes that code for the dark pigment melanin are selectively deactivated for the hair follicles that cover certain areas of skin. This serves as effective camouflage.
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